Recent outbreaks in Mauritania and Algeria have highlighted the resurgence of Diphtheria, a vaccine-preventable disease. For our readers in Tunisia, maintaining high immunization rates is key to preventing cross-border transmission.
What You Need to Know
Diphtheria is caused by the Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacterium. It primarily affects the respiratory system and can release toxins that damage the heart and nerves.
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Core Symptoms:
- Pseudomembrane: A thick, gray coating in the throat that makes breathing difficult.
- “Bull Neck”: Visible swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck.
- Fever & Fatigue: General malaise accompanied by a sore throat.
Prevention & Herd Immunity
The most effective shield is the DTP vaccine. Tunisia maintains a high national coverage (approx. 97%), ensuring strong herd immunity. Adults are encouraged to receive booster shots every 10 years, especially if traveling to affected regions.
How is it treated?
Doctors use specialized antitoxins and antibiotics (like Penicillin) to treat the infection.
Is there a skin version of Diphtheria?
Yes, Cutaneous Diphtheria affects the skin with gray-covered ulcers.
Why are boosters important?
Immunity can fade over time; boosters ensure your body remains ready to fight the bacteria.